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Abu Simbel Temples

They date the temple of Abu Simbel with the era of King Ramses II (1279-1212 BC). They pitted a high sandstone plateau 4 km south of their current location, to which they were moved in the campaign to save the monuments of Nubia after the establishment of the High Dam in 1960 AD.
The Abu Simbel site includes two temples, namely, the Great Temple of Abu Simbel, which was dedicated to the worship of “Ra Hur Akti” and “Amun Ra” Ptah and the king himself, and the small temple of Abu Simbel, which is located 100 meters from the first temple that was dedicated to the goddess Hathor and Queen Nefertari, the principal wife of the king.

Abu Simbel Temples

The name “Abu Simbel” was given to this site by the Swiss traveler “Johann Ludwig Burckhardt” known as “Ibrahim Burckhardt” who discovered the site in 1813 AD when a child named “Abu Simbel” took him to him.
The importance of the Great Temple of Abu Simbel is due to its association with the phenomenon of the sun crossing the face of the statue of Pharaoh Ramses II twice a year. The first corresponds to his birthday, corresponding to October 22, and the second, on February 22, to commemorate his coronation.

Abu Simbel Temples

The temple also features a unique architectural design; Where its façade is clicked in the rock, and it is decorated with four huge statues of King Ramses II, each of which reaches about 20 m in length, and next to the façade is a corridor leading to the interior of the temple, which pecked into the rock at a depth of 48 m and its walls are decorated with scenes recording the king’s victories and conquests, including the Battle of Kadesh in which he won the Hittites. , In addition to religious scenes depicting the king in his relations with Egyptian deities.

As for the small temple of Abu Simbel, King Ramses II gifted it to Queen Nefertari, his main wife and his lover, and its façade is adorned with six huge statues of equal size representing the king and the queen in a clear demonstration of the high status that the queen enjoyed with her husband, and the temple extends into the plateau at a depth of 24 m, and its interior walls decorate a group Among the wonderful scenes depicting the queen worshiping the different deities, either with the king or alone

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